經濟學大師亞當史密斯是十八世紀的蘇格蘭人,其重要著作包括《國富論》和《道德情操論》,他大力提倡自由貿易,反對政府干預經濟行為,其學說奠定自由經濟學派的基礎。他認為政府的角色,應該是處理經濟範疇以外的事,例如執行法律和保衞國土等,而非干預市場事務。
亞當史密斯最為人所熟悉的名言是「麵包師傅、釀酒師和肉販為我們提供豐富的晚餐,不是出於善心,而是為了私利」
“ It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest. We address ourselves, not to their humanity but to their self-love, and never talk to them of our own necessities but of their advantages. ”
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